The Association Between Self-Management and Sleep Quality Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33755/jkk.v12i4.1052Keywords:
Cross-sectional study, Diabetes self-management, Primary health care, Sleep quality, Type 2 diabetes mellitusAbstract
Background: Diabetes-related symptoms may disrupt sleep, while poor sleep may complicate daily diabetes self-care. Their association is not well characterized in Indonesian primary-care patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Objective: To examine the association between self-management and sleep quality among adults with uncontrolled T2DM.
Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 115 adults using purposive sampling at five community health centers in Malang City, Indonesia, in May–June 2026. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire-Revised (DSMQ-R) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered. Continuous scores were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results: Of 115 participants, 98 (85.2%) were women, with a mean age of 55.1 ± 6.49 years. Poor sleep quality was reported by 80 (69.6%); 61 (53.0%) were categorized as having poorer self-management. DSMQ-R and PSQI scores were weakly inversely correlated (rho = −0.184; p = 0.040).
Conclusion: Higher self-management scores were weakly associated with better subjective sleep quality. The unadjusted cross-sectional finding cannot establish causality or rule out clinical and psychosocial confounding
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